When Corruption Becomes the Norm: Bangladesh’s Enduring Governance Crisis

Corruption has long constituted a major obstacle to effective governance, democratic consolidation, and sustainable socio-economic development in Bangladesh. Over the decades, corrupt practices have become deeply embedded within political and administrative systems, eroding public trust, weakening institutional capacity, and undermining the principles of transparency and accountability. This article explores the historical evolution of corruption in Bangladesh and examines the structural, political, and institutional factors that have enabled its persistence. Drawing on empirical studies, policy documents, and scholarly analyses available up to January 2016, the paper assesses the multidimensional impacts of corruption on governance, public service delivery, and social equity. It further evaluates state-led anti-corruption initiatives, with particular attention to the role and effectiveness of formal institutions such as the Anti-Corruption Commission. The analysis reveals that although successive governments have introduced legal and institutional frameworks to curb corruption, these measures have produced limited outcomes due to weak enforcement, political interference, and broader governance deficits. The article argues that the normalization of corruption reflects deeper structural failures within the political and administrative system, which continue to constrain democratic accountability and inclusive development. Addressing corruption in Bangladesh therefore requires comprehensive governance reforms that strengthen institutional autonomy, enhance oversight mechanisms, and promote a culture of accountability beyond formal legal measures.

Keywords: Public Sector Reform, Institutional Accountability, Anti-Corruption Policy, Socio-Economic Impact, Corruption, Governance.